The menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones secreted by the brain. Pulses of gonadotrophin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete follicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone. In the first half of the cycle (the follicular phase), these hormones stimulate the ovary to secrete oestrogen. A surge in luteinising hormone then causes ovulation, the release of a mature oocyte (egg) from the ovarian follicle.
Highlighting the hormonal impact on the female brain: changes
Structure of female brain changes throughout menstrual cycle
Your menstrual cycle explained, Menstrual cycle phases
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