From 1830 to 1870, texts promoting gymnastics sought to prevent and cure gynecological and alimentary disorders among U.S. women by strengthening their abdominal muscles, fostering wide waists and convex abdomens, lifting and toning their (floating) uteri, raising their digestive organs, and purifying their blood. Gymnastics discourses thus encouraged participants to incorporate anatomical characteristics associated with the Venus de’ Medici and to become healthy, buoyant women who were robust, substantial, and relatively weightless. This article shows how those texts sought to reform corseted women by enabling them to materially (re)contour and (re)constitute themselves as social subjects—as healthy, true women who had retained important attributes of republican motherhood. Not only does this study identify the particular improved and fortified species of true womanhood that gymnastics endorsed, but it also reintroduces the materialization of (gendered and sexed) subjectivity into the history of sport.
BEYC #837 - Bored Eye Yawn Club
Australian calisthenics: an introductory analysis
Nineteenth–Century Gymnastics for U.S. Women and Incorporations of Buoyancy: Contouring Femininity, Shaping Sex, and Regulating Middle–Class Consumption
PDF) ``Imperial geopolitics: geopolitical visions at the dawn of the American century
Knowles - The Wicked Waltz and Other Scandalous Dances 2009, PDF, Dances
Australian calisthenics: an introductory analysis
Gymnasts Worldwide Push Back on Their Sport's Culture of Abuse - The New York Times
Mandala #309 - TrendyMandalas
King of Spades - Ethereum Poker Cards
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Progress and Achievements of the Colored People, by Kelly Miller
PDF) The future of football is feminine
The Female Swimming Community
Dictonary
windy stress - Geometric Shapes by PachoAI
